Martin Luther was born in Germany in 1483. Martin Luther is known as being one of Western history’s most influential person. Martin spent his younger years in as a monk and scholar. In 1517 Luther came out with a document that attacked the Catholic Church’s bad practices of selling false dreams to rid people have the sins that they do. Some of his thoughts were the Bible is the central religious authority and that people could only have eternal life if the have faith and not by doing good things for others. This is what sparked the Protestant Reformation.
The Catholic Church was ever often divided because of the viewpoints of Martin Luther. The Protestants that was growing up during this time period viewpoints were the same as Martin Luther ideas. Martin’s readings changed the course of religion and the culture history in the West. Martin Luther was part of the Roman Empire because his parents were Hans and Margaretta. His father was a prominent businessman in the community. At the age of 13 Luther attended a school run by the Brethren of the Common Life.
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The Brethren teachings focused on personal problems of the people. Hans Luther the father of Martin Luther had plans for son. He wanted Martin to become a lawyer which lead to the withdrawal of him from the first school that he attended. Luther enrolled at the University of Erfurt which is one of the best universities in Germany at the time. “He earned a master’s degree from the school in 1505”. Almost being hit by a lightning bolt Martin used the incident as a sign from God and vowed to become a monk if he survived the storm.
Martin Luther turned his back on his study of the law which lead to him entering an Augustinian monastery. He believes the idea that salvation could be reached through faith. Luther objected to the corrupt practice of selling indulgences. The 95 Theses, which eventually became foundation of the Protestant Reformation. This theses were written in a humble and academic tone, questioning rather than accusing someone. The document overall was provocative. The pope condemned Luther’s writings because it led to a lot of conflict within the Church and what the church was trying to teach.
Commissions were sought out to examine Luther’s teachings and bring back the things they find about the reading. The first “papal commission” found them to be heretical, but the second evaluation stated that Luther’s writings were “scandalous and offensive to pious ears.” Eventually Pope Leo X issued a public decree that stated that Luther’s words and actions were heretical. He gave Luther 120 days to recant his statements in Rome. Luther refused to recant his statements which led to Pope Leo to throw Martin Luther out the Catholic Church.
Erasmus was a Dutch Renaissance Humanist, Catholic priest, social critic, teacher, and theologian. Erasmus was a scholar and wrote in a Latin style. Among Humanists he enjoyed being called “Prince of the Humanists,”. Using Humanist techniques for working on texts, he prepared important new Latin and Greek editions of the New Testament so people could read and learn. Erasmus lived in the era during the growing European religious Reformation. He was critical of the bad things going on within the Catholic church and called for reform. He didn’t associate with Martin Luther and Melanchthon and continued to have faith in the pope, He had respect for traditional faith, piety, and grace, which lead to him rejecting Martin Luther on faith alone.
Erasmus was a member of the Catholic church until the day he died. He stayed because he wanted to change the church within by getting rid of the people or things that abused it. Erasmus always wanted to live his life as an independent scholar. This led to him being conscious by not being around the wrong influences or people that could mess up his freedom and life. Erasmus stated that a love of peace was needed in order to be a Christian. Erasmus wasn’t assertive when it came to be the leader of men and women. He rather fight the enemy with words because that’s what he grew up knowing. He didn’t stand a chance when it came to be on Martin Luther: level he did not lead the Reformation.
Beliefs And Ideas Of Martin Luther
Martin Luther was born in 1483, in Saxony. Luther got a good education and attended a school ran by Brethren of the Common Life. Luther’s father wanted him to be a lawyer and not interested in monastic life, like he was. He was taken out of school, and he then went to a premiere university.
One day, on Martin’s walk home, a thunderstorm appeared. He was close to being struck by lightning. He made a promise to enter the monastery if he lived. After the storm, he kept his promise and entered a monastery.
Luther felt that the way the Church forgave sins wasn’t effective. He felt that the indulgences and trips to holy places in Rome didn’t make him forgiven.
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At that time, Augustine spoke out about his belief in people only reaching salvation through God’s divine grace, not their own acts. Augustine also said that the Bible should be read by all, not just important people of the Church. Luther worked to stop indulgences. He believed salvation only came through faith. He wrote “The 95 Theses” and nailed it to the church in Wittenberg. By doing this, Martin publicly questioned the church.
Luther’s beliefs and ideas were printed. This caused more people to see them and support him. Luther attacked the pope and believed that all authority came from the Bible. Church officials gave Luther time to return back to the Catholic faith and stop questioning the church. He refused and Pope Leo X excommunicated Martin for heresy. Luther went to the city of Worms, where he was told to give up his beliefs again, but did not. Luther hid. Martin translated the Bible to German, so more people could read the Bible. The emperors and authorities worked to stop the spread of Lutheranism. However, the protest would continue, while Martin was hiding, for Lutheranism and other reformers. Later, Martin married Katherine of Bora and had 5 children. He died February 18, 1546.
Lutheranism is a Protestant denomination. Lutherans are Christians and believe Jesus is the Son of God. They also believe in the triune. There is an estimated 72 million people who are followers of the Lutheran church. Luther intended to keep the new church simple. Luther didn’t believe in sole authority in a person. Lutherans use the Bible primarily as a guide to live. Lutheran churches don’t have a pope or a main authority, like the Catholic church does. They also believe salvation comes through God’s grace alone. They believe God’s grace can be found through faith.
Lutherans believe in heaven and hell. However, they don’t believe in purgatory, as Catholics do. They don’t believe in predestination. Lutherans only have two sacraments: baptism and communion, where as Catholics have seven sacraments. They believe sacraments help your faith grow. Lutherans have ministers who lead the congregation. They have no set service order. It differs from the Catholic church because the Catholic church has a priest and a set liturgy. Lutherans do have altars and vestments, just like Catholics. Lutherans use the Apostles’ Creed, the Nicene Creed, and the Athanasian Creed.
Martin Luther spoke out about his beliefs. He created division within the church and started the Lutheran church. The creation of this new church led others to follow in his way and create more new churches. Martin Luther changed the way life would be forever.
